Ithimba elivela kwi -Instituto de la Grasa de Sevilla (IG-CSIC) lithuthukise ama-olive agcwele i-pimento paste aqukethe uhhafu wosawoti wezinhlobo ezijwayelekile, egcina ukunambitheka kwawo kwendabuko futhi ethuthukisa okuqukethwe kwawo kwamaminerali. Umsebenzi wenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-olive aseManzanilla, isitayela saseSeville, esinye sezinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.
Inhloso yalolu cwaningo ukunikeza ama-olive agcwele i-sodium engaphansi ngo-50% , kanye ne-potassium eningi, i-calcium, kanye ne-magnesium, ngokuhambisana nezincomo zezempilo ezifuna ukunciphisa ukudla usawoti ngaphandle kokuyeka ukudla okuvamile ekudleni kwaseMedithera. Lesi sinyathelo sisekelwa uHulumeni Wesifunda sase-Andalusia, i-European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), kanye noMnyango Wezesayensi, Ukuqamba Izinto Ezintsha kanye Namanyuvesi.
Isabelo sama-olive nengxenye ye-sodium
Ama-olive asetafuleni ayisidlo sakudala emabhawa nasemakhaya aseSpain , kodwa ukulondolozwa kwawo kudinga amanzi anosawoti omningi. Abacwaningi bakhomba ukuthi ukuphakelwa okujwayelekile okungamagremu angu-30—phakathi kwama-olive ayisishiyagalombili neshumi agcwele—kunganikeza cishe u-18% wokudla okunconywayo kwansuku zonke kwe-sodium, inani eliphakeme lesidlo sakusihlwa esilula.
Ngokwakhiwa okusha eSeville, okuqukethwe yi-sodium kuncishiswa cishe ngesigamu, kube cishe yi-9% yokudla okunconywayo kwansuku zonke. Lokhu kulungiswa kwenza ama-olive afaneleke kangcono ekudleni okuhlose ukulawula umfutho wegazi kanye nengozi yesifo senhliziyo esihambisana nosawoti omningi.
Uhulumeni Wesifunda sase-Andalusia kanye ne-IG-CSIC uqobo bagcizelela ukuthi i-sodium eningi ekudleni ihlotshaniswa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nezifo zenhliziyo , ngakho-ke ukunciphisa okuqukethwe usawoti komkhiqizo osakazeke njengeminqumo yetafula kungaba nomthelela omkhulu emikhubeni yansuku zonke.
Nokho, ososayensi bagcizelela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kufanele kuhlale kulinganiselwe: ama-olive anconywa njengesidlo sokudla okulula hhayi njengesidlo esiyinhloko , ngoba noma ngabe iphrofayili yawo yokudla ithuthukisiwe, asewukudla okugxilile.
Indlela yokuthola usawoti ongaphansi ngo-50% emaphaketheni
Ngokungafani nezifundo zangaphambilini ezigxile ekuguquleni ukubiliswa, lolu cwaningo lugxile esigabeni sokupakisha ama-olive agcwele . Inqubo iqala ngokususa usawoti kancane esithelweni, okuhloswe ukususa ingxenye ye-sodium efakwe ngesikhathi sokucubungula kwendabuko.
Lesi sinyathelo sinomphumela omubi: kanye ne-sodium, amaminerali atholakala ngokwemvelo nawo ayagezwa. Abacwaningi bachaza ukuthi i-calcium ne-phosphorus zigcinwa kakhulu e-pulp , kuyilapho i-potassium ne-magnesium zigxila kujusi, ngakho-ke cishe zilahleka ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokukhipha usawoti uma kungekho sinyathelo esithathwayo ngemva kwalokho.
Ukuze kulungiswe lokhu kulahlekelwa, ithimba le-IG-CSIC lishintsha usawoti wokupakisha ngokufaka usawoti we-potassium, i-calcium, kanye ne-magnesium . Lawa sawoti awafakwa ngokungahleliwe: kuhlolwa izingxube ezahlukene, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwawo phakathi koketshezi kanye neminqumo kuyafundwa kuze kutholakale izinhlanganisela ezifanele kakhulu.
Yilapho indlela yokusabela ebusweni iqala khona ukusebenza, inqubo yezibalo evame ukusetshenziswa kubunjiniyela bokudla. Ngokusebenzisa imodeli yezibalo, abacwaningi bangabikezela umphumela wokuhlanganiswa kosawoti ngakunye kokuqukethwe kokugcina kwe-sodium kanye namaminerali, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwenza inani elikhulu lokuhlolwa.
Ngenxa yale ndlela, ukwakheka kwama-olive agcwele kutholakale ngokunciphisa i-sodium cishe ngo-50% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezivamile, kuyilapho kukhulisa kakhulu amaminerali amaningana anentshisekelo yokudla okunempilo.
I-potassium ne-magnesium eningi kukho konke ukukhonza
Ukuguqulwa kwe-brine akugxili nje ekususeni usawoti, kodwa futhi ekwandiseni ukutholakala kwamaminerali awusizo . Kwezinye zezinto ezilungiselelwe, i-potassium ifinyelela amazinga anele ukumboza cishe ama-27% okudla okunconywayo kwansuku zonke ekukhonzeni okukodwa kwama-olive.
Uma kukhulunywa nge-calcium ne-magnesium, imiphumela etholakele icishe ibe ngu- 55% kanye no-50% wezidingo zansuku zonke , ngokulandelana, ezinhlotsheni ezicebile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okulula okuvame ukubhekwa njengokungabaza ngenxa yokuqukethwe kukasawoti manje nakho kunikeza izakhamzimba ezibalulekile.
I-Potassium ihlobene kakhulu nokulawulwa komfutho wegazi , njengoba isiza ukulwa nemiphumela ethile ye-sodium; i-calcium ibalulekile ekugcineni ubukhulu bamathambo neminye imisebenzi yomzimba; kanti i-magnesium ihilelekile ezinqubweni eziningi ze-metabolic ezihlobene nomsebenzi wemisipha kanye nemizwa.
Abacwaningi baphinde baveze ukuthi, ngisho nangaphambi kwalokhu kuguqulwa, ama-olive asevele enikeza i-fiber yokudla, i-vitamin E, amafutha agcwele i-monounsaturated , kanye nama-antioxidants. Baphawula ukuthi ukunciphisa okuqukethwe usawoti kuvimbela ukususwa kokudla okungathi uma kudliwa ngokulinganisela, kungangena ekudleni okunempilo.
Ilebula "lokuncishiswa kosawoti" namathuba embonini
Imithetho yaseYurophu ibeka izimo ezithile zokuvumela izimangalo ezifana "nosawoti oncishisiwe" noma "ocebile ngamaminerali" ekupakishweni . Izinhlobo ezintsha zama-olive agcwele ezakhiwe eSeville ziyahlangabezana nalezi zidingo, zihlanganisa ukwehla okukhulu kwe-sodium kanye nokwanda okukhulu kwe-potassium, i-calcium, kanye ne-magnesium.
Lokhu kuvula ithuba lokuthi izinkampani kulo mkhakha ziqalise izinhlobo ezintsha ze-table olives ezihloselwe izinketho ezifunwa umphakathi ezinephrofayili yokudla okungcono ngaphandle kokuyeka imikhiqizo yendabuko. Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, kokubili imboni kanye nabathengi babonisa intshisekelo ekhulayo kwezinye izindlela ezinempilo.
Imodeli yezibalo eyadalwa ku-IG-CSIC iyithuluzi elisebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi: lezi zibalo zivumela noma yimuphi umenzi ukuthi alungise inqubo ngokwezimo zakhe zokukhiqiza kanye nokupakisha, ayivumelanise nezinye izinhlobo zokugcwalisa noma ngisho nokunye ukudla okubilisiwe okugcinwe emanzini anosawoti.
Ngokombono wezohwebo, kungenzeka ukuthi kubekwe ama-olive agcwele usawoti omncane kanye namaminerali amaningi eshalofini kungasiza ekuhlanganiseni imakethe yamanje futhi kufinyelele abathengi abagwema lo mkhiqizo kuze kube manje ngenxa yezizathu zempilo.
Ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa okwenziwe ngaphambi kokuphakamisa ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni kubonisa ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwe-brine akubangeli izinguquko ezinkulu ekunambithekeni noma ekubunjweni kwesici somnqumo waseManzanilla ngesitayela saseSeville, okuyisici esibalulekile sokwamukelwa ngumphakathi.
Sekukonke, lokhu kuthuthukiswa yi-Instituto de la Grasa de Sevilla kubonisa isinyathelo esiqhubekela phambili ekuguquleni umkhiqizo odumile wokudla kwaseMedithera ukuze uvumelane nezincomo zezempilo zomphakathi zaseYurophu, okunikeza ama-olive agcwele usawoti ongaphansi ngo-50% kanye namaminerali amaningi, okulondoloza iphrofayili yawo ye-organoleptic kanye nokuvula amathuba ahlukahlukene embonini yokudla enesifiso sokuguqula ukudla kwakudala ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa uhla lwawo.