Amaprotheni abe ngesinye sezakhamzimba ezibaluleke kakhulu engxoxweni mayelana nempilo nokuguga. Kusukela ekudleni okunempilo kuya ku-biotechnology, indima yawo ibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuthi imizimba yethu ihlala kanjani iqinile, ilulame, futhi, esikhathini esizayo, ingazivikela kanjani ezifweni eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isayensi yamanje ikhombisa ukuthi hhayi nje kuphela inani kodwa nekhwalithi kanye nomthombo wamaprotheni kubalulekile , ikakhulukazi empilweni yamuva. Lesi sithakazelo siholele ochwepheshe bezokudla, odokotela, kanye nabacwaningi ukuthi bahlole izindlela ezintsha zokwandisa izinzuzo zawo.
Esimweni saseYurophu naseSpain, lapho ubude bokuphila buphakathi kwezinga eliphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni, ukuqinisekisa impilo enhle ekugugeni sekube yinto eza kuqala. Ukulahlekelwa yimisipha nobuthakathaka kuyizinto ezisongela ukuzimela kwabantu asebekhulile . Ngakho-ke, kokubili izincomo zokudla kanye nentuthuko yakamuva yesayensi iyavuma ukuthi amaprotheni ayinsika eyisisekelo yokubhekana nalesi sigaba sokuphila ngokuzethemba, yize amasu okuwasebenzisa eshintshashintsha.
Inselele yokugcina amandla ehlobo
Phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele, kuvamile ukuthi abantu abadala balahlekelwe yisifiso sokudla. I-Gazpacho, izithelo, amasaladi… izinketho ezintsha nezinempilo, uma ziba yisisekelo sokudla kwazo, zingashiya izakhamzimba ezibalulekile njengeprotheni . UMiriam Piqueras, uMqondisi Wezokwelapha weSanitas Senior Care, uxwayisa ngokuthi "akuyona into yokudla okwengeziwe, kodwa mayelana nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla ngakunye kunenani elanele lokudla okunomsoco." Amaprotheni ayisihluthulelo sokugcina imisipha, amandla, kanye namandla okusebenza. Ngaphandle kwawo, ukulahlekelwa yimisipha kuyashesha, kuvimbele ukuhamba kanye nokululama ekuguleni noma esibhedlela.
Isazi sokudla okunempilo uNuria Cañas, waseBlua de Sanitas, utusa ukunothisa izitsha ezibandayo “ngeqanda elibilisiwe, inhlanzi enamafutha, inkukhu, ubhontshisi, ushizi omusha, iyogathi yemvelo, noma amantongomane aqoshiwe.” Lezi zengezo ezilula zenza isaladi noma isitsha sezithelo siphelele kakhudlwana. Ubuye eluleka ukushintsha ukwakheka kwabantu abanenkinga yokuhlafuna, ukusebenzisa ama-purée, inhlanzi ethambile, noma ubhontshisi ocoliwe, nokusebenzisa ithuba lesidlo sasekuseni njengesikhathi esibalulekile sokudla amaprotheni , njengoba abantu abadala abaningi bedla kancane kamuva ngosuku. Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo noma ukwehlisa isisindo ngokungahlosile akufanele nazo zinganakwa, njengoba lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukudla akuhlangabezani nezidingo zomzimba.
Ukunciphisa amaprotheni: isu lokuphila isikhathi eside?
Ucwaningo olushicilelwe kumagazini i-'Cell Metabolism' luveze umbono ophikisana nezincomo ezamukelwa kabanzi. Abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseNingizimu California baphawule ukuthi ukudla okunamaphrotheni aphansi okunokudla okulinganiselwe kwe-methionine - i-amino acid etholakala enyameni, emaqandeni, nasemikhiqizweni yobisi - kungakhuthaza impilo ende. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe ngamagundane kubonise ukuthi lolu hlobo lokudla, oluphefumulelwe amaphethini okudla aseMedithera nase-Okinawa, lunciphise isisindo samafutha kanye nobuthakathaka, kanye nezimpawu ezithuthukisiwe ze-metabolic ezihlobene nokulawulwa kwe-glucose kanye ne-metabolism yamafutha.
Ukuhlaziywa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-200.000 kuthole nokuthi ukudla kakhulu amaprotheni ezilwane kuhlotshaniswa nokusabalala okukhulu kokukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kodwa-ke, abalobi bagcizelela ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene, hhayi ubudlelwano obuyimbangela. Noma kunjalo, le miphumela ikhuthaza ukucabanga ngokwakheka kokudla. Akukhona mayelana nokuqeda amaprotheni, kodwa mayelana nokuthola ibhalansi efanele. Eqinisweni, ukungadli i-methionine ngokwanele kwandisa ubuthakathaka, kuyilapho ukudla ngokweqile kunciphise izinzuzo ezibonwe.
Le ndlela ibaluleke kakhulu eSpain, lapho ukudla kwaseMedithera kuvame ukufaka khona ubhontshisi obuningi, inhlanzi, nemifino, kanye nokudla inyama ebomvu okulinganiselwe. Ukuhlanganisa lezi zitshalo nezilwane kungaba yisihluthulelo sokuguga okunempilo , ukugcina imisipha engenamafutha nokugwema amakhalori amaningi.
I-yogurt: isenzo esincane esinezinzuzo ezinkulu
Nakuba isayensi ifunda ngalezi zindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi, kunezenzo ezilula, zansuku zonke ezibalulekile. Isazi sezenhlalo kanye nochwepheshe wezokudla uMiodrag Borges, uchwepheshe we-gut microbiota, uxwayise ezinkundleni zakhe zokuxhumana ngephutha elivamile kakhulu: ukulahla uketshezi oluvela phezu kwe-yogurt. Lolu ketshezi luyi-whey, ingxenye yoketshezi eyakhiwe ikakhulukazi ngamanzi ahlukana ngokwemvelo. Kunokuba ibe yiphutha, i-whey iqukethe amaprotheni asezingeni eliphezulu, amavithamini B, amaminerali afana ne-calcium, i-phosphorus, ne-magnesium, kanye nama-peptide asebenzayo anezakhiwo ezizuzisayo.
Isazi sezinto ezincane uFrank Devlieghere kanye nosokhemisi uGemma del Caño bayavuma ukuthi inomsoco nokuthi ukuyilahla kuyiphutha. Ngisho nodokotela uManuel Viso uyichaza ngokuthi "ukugxila kwezakhamzimba kwangempela." Ukuze uthole lokhu, mane uvuselele i-yogurt ukuze i-whey iphinde ihlangane nengxenye eqinile. Lolu shintsho oluncane alubizi lutho futhi lwenza i-yogurt ibe ukudla okuphelele, okusiza ekuhlangabezaneni nemigomo yokudla amaprotheni nsuku zonke.
Umngcele olandelayo: amaprotheni 'angelapheki'
Emkhakheni wocwaningo lwezokwelapha, inkampani ye-biotechnology eseBarcelona i-Nuage Therapeutics isebenza ukuxazulula inselele eye yaphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwemithi emisha amashumi eminyaka. Le nselele iphathelene namaprotheni aphazamisekile ngaphakathi (ama-IDP), angenaso isakhiwo esiqinile esinezinhlangothi ezintathu, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuwahlasela ngemithi yendabuko. Lawa maprotheni ahilelekile ezifweni ezifana nomdlavuza, i-Alzheimer's, kanye ne-Parkinson's , futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ama-40% amaprotheni abantu aqukethe izindawo eziphazamisekile.
Le nkampani, eyasungulwa ngocwaningo lukasosayensi we-biophysicist uXavier Salvatella e-IRB Barcelona, isungule ipulatifomu yokuhlonza izikhathi lapho la maprotheni amukela khona okwesikhashana ukwakheka okuzinzile. Yilapho-ke umuthi ungabopha kuwo futhi usebenze. Inhloso yabo yokuqala yi-ASCL1, isici sokubhala esithintekayo kumdlavuza wamaphaphu wamangqamuzana amancane, uhlobo olunolaka kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-CEO uStuart Hughes, "Uma singabonisa ukuthi le ndlela iyasebenza, sizoqinisekisa indlela entsha ngokuphelele yokuthola imithi." Lobu buchwepheshe bungasetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo ezifweni eziwohlokayo zemizwa. Amandla okusebenza kumaprotheni 'ayengelapheki' kuze kube manje angamelela ushintsho olujwayelekile kwezokwelapha.
Umbono waseYurophu ngamaprotheni
Ezingeni lezepolitiki, i-European Union isanda kwethula uhlelo lwayo lokusebenza ngamaphrotheni, oluhlose ukunciphisa ukuthembela ekuthengweni kwe-soy nokukhuthaza amaprotheni asekelwe ezitshalweni akhiqizwa eYurophu. Kodwa-ke, i-European Seafood Alliance (EUSeA) igxeke ukukhishwa kokudla kwasolwandle kulolu hlelo. Ukudoba kanye nokufuywa kwezinhlanzi kuwumthombo wamaprotheni asezingeni eliphezulu, anomsoco asekela umnotho wendawo futhi anegalelo ekuphepheni kokudla.
Lo mkhakha ufuna ukuqashelwa okufanayo nalokho okutholwa yizolimo zezilwane, manje okubhekwa njengempahla eyisisekelo ye-EU. Ukudla okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengoba kwaziwa ngemikhiqizo yokudla kwasolwandle, kungadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqineni kohlelo lokudla lwaseYurophu. Ukufaka ukudla kwasolwandle emasu okudla akuyona nje indaba yokulingana kwesigaba, kodwa futhi kuzoqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa okuhlukahlukene nokuqhubekayo kwamaprotheni ezakhamuzi zaseYurophu.
Ekugcineni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokudla kwansuku zonke, ucwaningo olusezingeni eliphezulu, noma izinqubomgomo zezolimo, amaprotheni ayisisekelo sempikiswano ehlose ukuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yabantu. Isayensi yamanje igcizelela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuhlanganisa ulwazi lwendabuko kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokuphila kwabantu. Ukudla kangcono, ukwenza ucwaningo olwengeziwe, kanye nokuklama izinqubomgomo zokudla okuhlakaniphile kuyizinto ezibalulekile zekusasa lempilo eYurophu . Ukuqinisekisa ukudla amaprotheni anele, kokubili ngobuningi nangekhwalithi, kuwukutshala imali empilweni ende nenempilo.
