Ibhasikidi lokudla seliphenduke ikhanda elibuhlungu emindenini eminingi, kodwa isigaba esisodwa ukumelana nokuhlasela kokwehla kwamandla emali: izithelo nemifino emisha. Naphezu kokucindezela okubonakalayo kwesabelomali semindeni, abathengi baseYurophu bayaqhubeka nokubheka le mikhiqizo njengesidingo esiyisisekelo abangazimisele ukusishiya. Lokhu kubonakala ocwaningweni lwakamuva olwenziwe ngo-2026 yi-International Fresh Produce Association (IFPA) phakathi kwabathengi baseJalimane, imiphumela yabo eveza isithombe esicacile sezinto eziza kuqala ekudleni ngezikhathi zobunzima bezomnotho.
Ucwaningo, oluhlole abantu abangu-752, lwembula ukuthi nakuba abangu-31% abaphendulile bevuma ukuthi banciphise ukuthenga kwabo ngenxa yezizathu zomnotho, kanti abanye abangu-31% bavuma ukuthi bakhiphe imikhiqizo ethile ohlwini lwabo lokuthenga oluvamile, izithelo nemifino emisha kuseyizigaba ezinamathuba amancane okuncishiswa. Eqinisweni, abangu-6% kuphela babahlanganyeli abathi bazokuyeka lokhu kudla uma amanani abo eqhubeka nokukhuphuka esitolo esikhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izithelo ezisemathinini zibonakala zisengozini enkulu: abathengi abangu-24% bangathanda ukunciphisa imali abayisebenzisayo kule nto uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu.
Ubusha kanye nentengo: izinto ezimbili ezinkulu ezidonsela imakethe
Uma kukhulunywa ngokunquma ukuthi uzothenga kuphi, ubusha bomkhiqizo buvela njengento ebalulekile kakhulu , buthonya u-78% walabo ababuziwe. Lokhu kulandelwa eduze yisilinganiso sentengo nekhwalithi, esinzima kakhulu ku-76% wezinqumo, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo uqobo, ebaluleke ku-73%. Izinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo etholakalayo nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile, njengoba u-68% wabathengi bekwazisa ukukwazi ukukhetha ezinkethweni ezahlukene. Izipesheli ezikhethekile, izaphulelo, kanye nokukhushulwa, yize kungesona isiqalo ohlwini, azinakwa futhi: u-64% wabathengi bayavuma ukuthi lezi zikhuthazo zithonya ukukhetha kwabo.
Kodwa akupheleli ngemali nasekubukekeni. Impilo isalokhu iyinsika eyisisekelo ekukhetheni ukudla. Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisithupha nanhlanu alabo ababuziwe bayavuma ukuthi inhlalakahle yomzimba ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho kunqunywa ukuthi bazodlani, kanti abangaphezu kwengxenye, ikakhulukazi ama-52%, bathi bazama ukudla imikhiqizo yemvelo noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Lo mkhuba wokusebenzisa imikhiqizo yemvelo awusiwo omusha, kodwa idatha iqinisekisa ukuthi usuwumkhuba oqinile ngisho nenkinga yezomnotho engakakwazi ukuwumisa.
Umbono womkhakha wemikhiqizo emisha uya ngokuya uba mubi phakathi kwabathengi
Naphezu kokwethembeka kwabathengi ezithelweni nasemifinoni emisha, akuzona zonke izindaba ezinhle kulo mkhakha. Isithombe abathengi abanaso ngemboni yemikhiqizo emisha siye sawohloka kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje. Ngokusho kocwaningo olufanayo, iphesenti lamaJalimane anombono omuhle ngalo mkhakha lehle lisuka ku-59% ngo-2024 laya ku-54% ngo-2026. Lokhu kwehla, nakuba kungesiwo okukhulu, kubonisa ukudumala okuthile okuzodingeka kulo mkhakha ukucabangele uma ufuna ukugcina ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende.
Okwamanje, izimakethe zokuthengisa ngobuningi kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu nazo zibonisa iqiniso elixubile, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwamanani kuncike kakhulu ezimweni zezulu kanye nokutholakala okutholakalayo. Isibonelo, ezinye izimakethe zokuthengisa ngobuningi zibone ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwamanani emifino enamaqabunga kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezithile ngenxa yemvula enamandla kanye nokwehla kwesivuno. Imikhiqizo efana namakhukhamba, u-anyanisi wasentwasahlobo, kanye namathanga ibone amanani ayo enyuka ngamayunithi emali aphakathi kuka-2.000 no-5.000 ngekhilogremu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Isimo sezulu siyaqhubeka nokuba yisona esinqumayo samanani emifino , futhi kulokhu sithinte kakhulu izinhlobo ezibucayi kakhulu.
Umehluko wentengo: kuyilapho eminye imifino ikhuphuka, eminye iyancipha
Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izindaba ezimbi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi esifanayo, eminye imikhiqizo ibone ukwehla kwentengo ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kancane. Ilethisi, isibonelo, yehle kusuka kumayunithi emali angu-25.000 kuya ku-15.000 ngekhilo kwamanye amamakethe, kuyilapho isipinashi sehle ngamayunithi angu-5.000 kanye ne-zucchini ngo-3.000. Lokhu kubili kwamanani, kokubili ukwanda nokwehla okwenzeka emakethe efanayo, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukunikezwa kanye nesidingo kuhamba ngezindlela ezihlukile kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo kanye nesizini.
Lokhu kuguquguquka kwentengo akuhlukile emakethe yaseYurophu. Izenzakalo ezifanayo ziyabonakala kwezinye izifunda, njengeLatin America. Ezimakethe zikamasipala e-Argentina, isibonelo, ukuvakashela izindawo zokuthengisa izithelo nemifino kwembula ukuthi upelepele ubiza kakhulu, kanti utamatisi ne-zucchini kusalokhu kungabizi kakhulu. Ama-mandarin, amawolintshi, nama-apula nawo abonisa ububanzi bentengo kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni kanye nendawo yokuthenga. Okusobala ukuthi, emhlabeni wonke, abathengi bafuna ibhalansi engcono kakhulu phakathi kwalokho abakufisayo nalokho isabelomali sabo esikuvumelayo.
E-United States, isimo siyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu. Amanani aphezulu okudla enza kube nzima kubantu abanezinsiza ezimbalwa ukukhokhela ukuthenga izithelo nemifino njalo. EBronx, eNew York, ngesilinganiso sobumpofu esingu-28%—ngaphezulu kakhulu kwesilinganiso sedolobha lonke esingu-18%—inhlangano yendawo izimisele ukunciphisa lesi simo ngokusabalalisa imikhiqizo emisha emindenini eswele. Abathengisi bemakethe ethengisa ngobuningi bayabambisana ngokunikela ngemikhiqizo eyengeziwe esesimweni esihle kodwa engenakuthengiswa, futhi imindeni etholayo ingakhetha imikhiqizo ejwayelene nayo futhi eyaziyo ukupheka. Lesi sinyathelo, phakathi nenkinga yentengo, sesibe yindlela yokuphila emindenini eminingi.
Isifundo okufanele sifundwe kukho konke lokhu ukuthi izithelo nemifino emisha isalokhu iyitshe lesisekelo lokudla kwaseYurophu , nokuthi abathengi bazimisele ukuzidela kwezinye izindawo kunokuyeka lokhu kudla. Impilo, ubusha, kanye nentengo yizinsika ezintathu okusekelwe kuzo lokhu kwethembeka, futhi yize umbono walo mkhakha uye waba mubi kancane, isidingo asizange sibonise zimpawu zobuthakathaka. Ukushintshashintsha kwamanani, okubangelwa kakhulu isimo sezulu kanye nokutholakala, kuzoqhubeka nokunquma ijubane lezimakethe, kodwa okubonakala kusobala ukuthi izithelo nemifino emisha akuyona into yokunethezeka kodwa iyimfuneko, futhi uma nje kukhona abathengi abazimisele ukuyibeka phambili, lo mkhakha uzoba nesizathu sokubheka ikusasa ngethemba.
