Ibhethri elisha lokuhlolwa okuzimele libeke izithasiselo zamaprotheni endaweni evelele: izimpushana eziningi kanye nama-shakes aqukethe i-lead eningi ngokuphakelwa kunalokho okunconywa usuku lonke , ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwe-Consumer Reports. Ekugcineni, i-Naked Nutrition Vegan Mass Gainer ifinyelele kuma-microgram angu-7,7 ngokuphakelwa kanye ne-Huel Black Edition 6,3; yi-Muscle Tech 100% Mass Gainer kuphela engabonisanga ukungcola.
Ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke—ngezinye izikhathi izikhathi eziningana ngosuku—kuyandisa inkinga, ngoba umthofu uyanqwabelana emzimbeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuntuleka komkhawulo othize kahulumeni walezi zithako kanye neqiniso lokuthi zingathengiswa ngaphandle kwemiboniso yokuphepha yangaphambili kwandisa ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabathengi nochwepheshe.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezizimele ezitholiwe
Ithimba le-Consumer Reports lihlole izimpushana zamaprotheni neziphuzo ezingama- 23 ezingathengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela. Ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zemikhiqizo kudlule umkhawulo wansuku zonke ongu-0,5 µg ohlotshaniswa ne-Proposition 65 yaseCalifornia, futhi ezimweni eziningana, inani lidlule ngokuphindwe kayishumi.
Umehluko osekelwe emvelaphi uyamangaza: amafomula asekelwe ezitshalweni abonise amanani aphezulu kakhulu kunamafomula asekelwe ezibisini futhi aze aphinde kabili lawo amafomula asekelwe enyameni kwezinye iziqhathaniso. Ngobuchwepheshe, akukho silinganiso somthofu esingabhekwa "njengophephile"; ingozi iyanda ngokuvezwa okuphindaphindiwe.
Ukubuyekezwa kuphinde kwabona amazinga aboniswe ku-ppb: kwezinye izinhlobo, i-Garden of Life yafinyelela ku-61 ppb kanye ne -Orgain 15 ppb . Eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu edlule, ukuhlolwa okufanayo kwathola ukungcola okuncane okujwayelekile; namuhla, umkhiqizo osebenza kabi kakhulu ohlaziyiwe uqukethe i-lead eningi ngokukhonza kunomkhiqizo osebenza kabi kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.
Ukushisekela amaprotheni—kusukela ekukhuliseni amaprotheni kuya ezinkweni eziqinisiwe, ama-pasta, neziphuzo ezibandayo—kubangela ukuchayeka okukhulu ekudleni . Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuntu ovamile waseMelika kakade udla amaprotheni amaningi kunokudingekile nsuku zonke, okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukuthwesa ukudla kwakhe ezinye izinsalela zezinsimbi ezisindayo.
I-Consumer Reports ayiceli ukuthi ulahle ngokuphelele le mikhiqizo, kodwa iyeluleka ukunciphisa imvamisa , ugweme leyo eletha ubhedu kakhulu bese ukhetha ukudla kwangempela (imifino, i-tofu, amaqanda, ubisi, inhlanzi, inkukhu, inyama engenamafutha) ukuze kwandiswe ukudla okunamaprotheni ngesilinganiso esikhulu sokuphepha.
Izimpendulo zebhrendi nezilawuli zekhwalithi
Ngaphambi kokushicilela imiphumela, i-Consumer Reports ixhumane nabakhiqizi bemikhiqizo engu-23. Izinkampani eziyisikhombisa aziphendulanga (i-BSN, i-Dymatize, i-Jocko Fuel, i-Muscle Milk, i-Owyn, i-PlantFusion, kanye ne-Transparent Labs), i-Optimum Nutrition yenqabile ukuphawula , kanti i-Huel ayiphendulanga mayelana nenani le-cadmium.
Phakathi kwalabo abasabela, abaningana bagcizelele ukuthi i-lead iyisici esivelela ngokwemvelo okunzima ukusigwema , ikakhulukazi emafomuleni asekelwe ezitshalweni. Izinkampani eziyisishiyagalombili—i-Equip Foods, i-Garden of Life, i-KOS, i-Momentous, i-Muscle Meds, i-Muscle Tech, i-Orgain, kanye ne-Vega—zithe zihlaziya izithako nemikhiqizo eqediwe ukuze zithole izinsimbi ezisindayo.
UHuel ugomele ngokuthi izinto zayo zokusetshenziswa zihlolwa kanzima nokuthi imikhiqizo yayo ihlala ngaphakathi kwamazinga amiswe yinhlangano ezimele i-NSF. I-Naked Nutrition, yona, igcizelele ukuthi ithenga kubaphakeli abanokuhlolwa okubhaliwe futhi icele ukuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu kwe-Mass Gainer yayo ngemuva kokutholakele.
U-Abbott (Ensure) uthe amazinga atholwe yi-CR aphansi kumkhiqizo osuselwa ezitshalweni nokuthi abathengi bangakwethemba ukuphepha kwawo; uQuest wagcizelela ukuthi idatha ibonisa ukuthi izinhlelo zawo zokuphepha ziyasebenza . I-Garden of Life kanye ne-Orgain bavikele ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yabo kwansuku zonke, bathi imikhawulo yabo yangaphakathi ilandela iziqondiso ze-FDA, EPA, WHO, kanye ne-EFSA.
UVega uthe inkampani iyahambisana nayo yonke imithethonqubo esebenzayo futhi ichaze imiphumela ye-cadmium “njengengahambisani” nokuhlolwa kwayo okuvamile. Le nkampani isebenza ngaphansi kwemithetho yemvume ye-California Proposition 65 — izivumelwano ezibopha ngokomthetho — futhi ikhokhelwe cishe u-$336.000 ukuxazulula izimangalo kusukela ngo-2013 nango-2018 mayelana nezinsimbi ezisindayo ngaphandle kwesixwayiso esifanele, ngaphandle kokuvuma ububi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yashintsha imvelaphi yeprotheyini yayo ye-pea yaba eNyakatho Melika (eyayingeniswe ngaphambilini ivela eShayina), imininingwane efanele njengoba amazinga ensimbi yemvelo encike enhlabathini.
I-Momentous imemezele ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kwamafomula ayo kanye nokuthola ; imikhiqizo ehlolwe yi-CR isivele ivaliwe, yize ifakiwe ngoba lezi zithako zokudla zinokuphila isikhathi eside futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zisesezindlini zokugcina ukudla.
Ngokuphathelene nezitifiketi ezizimele, i-Momentous ne-Vega bathi ziyahlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-NSF : ama-microgram ayi-10 ngosuku nge-lead kanye ne-arsenic engaphili, kanye nama-microgram angu-4,1 ngosuku nge-cadmium. I-Muscle Meds ibonise ukuthi iqinisekisa ukuhambisana ne- 10 µg ye-lead ngokukhonza ngakunye ; i-Naked Nutrition ithe isenqubweni yokuthola isitifiketi se-NSF.
Okushiwo iziphathimandla kanye nemikhawulo yereferensi
Izinhlangano eziningi zamazwe ngamazwe azikabeki imingcele ethile ye-lead kuma-powder amaprotheni noma izithasiselo zokudla. I-EPA ayilawuli i-lead ekudleni, kodwa igcina izinga lesenzo elingu-10 ppb emanzini ompompi (uma kuqhathaniswa, i-CR ithole i-61 kanye ne-15 ppb kweminye imikhiqizo ye-Garden of Life kanye ne-Orgain, ngokulandelana).
I-FDA ayikakasunguli amazinga esenzo se-lead kuma-powder noma kuma-shake amaprotheni, futhi i-WHO igcizelela ukuthi akukho ukudla kwe-lead masonto onke okungabhekwa njengokuphephile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- EFSA ibeka izinga eliphezulu elivunyelwe le-lead kuma-supplements ku-3.000 ppb (3 mg/kg), umkhawulo ochwepheshe be-Consumer Reports abawubheka njengophakeme kakhulu njengesilinganiso esinempilo.
I-FDA ithe iqapha ukungcola okusezimpushaneni zamaprotheni naseziphuzweni ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwayo lokuthobela imithetho ye-Toxic Elements , izinhlolovo ezikhethekile, kanye nezivumelwano nama-laboratory kahulumeni. Le nhlangano ibonise ukuthi izobuyekeza okutholakele kwe-CR kanye nedatha yayo ukuze ibeke phambili ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi esizayo kanye nezenzo zokuphoqelela.
Kungani kuvela umthofu nokuthi unganciphisa kanjani ukuchayeka
Amazinga aqashelwayo angachazwa yizici eziningana: ukumuncwa enhlabathini ezitshalweni (njengophizi, umthombo wamaprotheni amaningi ezitshalo), umehluko wezindawo enhlabathini nasemanzini, kanye neminikelo engaba khona ngesikhathi sokucubungula izimboni (imishini, amanzi okucubungula, noma ukuphathwa). Amanye amafomula kanye nokunambitheka kungangeza ukuguquguquka, futhi amaqoqo angenisiwe kungenzeka ukuthi adlule ekulawulweni kwenhlanzeko okungaguquki.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwemakethe echumayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kwenza kube lula ukuvezwa ngokweqile ngaphandle kokuba umthengi aqaphele. Labo abangamalungu amaqembu asengozini—izingane nabesifazane abakhulelwe—kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ngezithasiselo , njengoba kungekho silinganiso se-lead egazini esibhekwa njengesiphephile ngokuphelele.
Kulabo abanquma ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa le mikhiqizo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa ubungozi : babeke phambili imikhiqizo enezivivinyo ezishicilelwe ezivela eceleni, bafune izitifiketi eziqashelwayo, futhi balinganisele imvamisa yokusetshenziswa, bagweme izinto ezibonise ukuhola okukhulu ezivivinyweni.
- Khawulela ukudla kwamasonto onke futhi ugweme ukuphuza imithamo eminingana ngosuku ngokuqhubekayo.
- Khetha imikhiqizo nge isitifiketi somuntu wesithathu (isb., i-NSF noma i-USP) nemiphumela efinyelelekayo.
- Uma iphakheji ihlanganisa Izexwayiso ze-Prop 65, ihlola ezinye izindlela ezinokuchayeka kancane.
- Cabangela ukumboza amaprotheni nge ukudla (imifino, i-tofu, amaqanda, ubisi, inhlanzi, inkukhu, inyama engenamafutha).
- Xhumana nochwepheshe bezempilo uma kwenzeka sokukhulelwa noma uma isengezo sizosetshenziswa nsuku zonke.
Lesi sithombe sithumela umlayezo ocacile: kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi kukhona i-lead engxenyeni enkulu yemakethe yempuphu yamaprotheni , ngokunyuka kwamafomula asekelwe ezitshalweni kanye nezimpendulo ezingalingani embonini, esimweni esingenamingcele ethile kahulumeni; ngenkathi ukugadwa kucutshungulwa, inkambo enengqondo kakhulu yesenzo ukukhetha ngokuhlakanipha, ukunciphisa ukuvezwa, kanye nokubeka phambili imithombo yokudla ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemigomo yamaprotheni ngokuphephile.