Indlela esidla ngayo ithinta impilo yethu kanye nempilo yemvelo, futhi ukuhlaziywa okusha kugcizelela lokhu kakhulu: iKhomishini ye-EAT-Lancet ibuyekeze isiphakamiso sayo se-Planetary Health Diet (PHD) futhi ilinganisela ukuthi ukwamukelwa kwayo emhlabeni wonke kuzovimbela ukufa kwabantu abangaba yizigidi ezingu-15 ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngonyaka , okulingana cishe nama-27% alokhu kufa.
Ithimba, elakhiwe ochwepheshe abangu-50 futhi elixhunywe nephephabhuku i-Lancet, lithola ukuntuleka okuvamile kuzo zonke izifunda - izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, amantongomane kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele - kanye nokudla inyama eningi, ubisi, ushukela kanye nokudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu; ngesikhathi esifanayo, liveza ukuthi yi-1% kuphela yabantu abahlala namuhla endaweni ephephile nefanele impilo yabo kanye neplanethi, yize iphethini ehlongozwayo ihambisana kahle namasiko afana nokudla kwaseMedithera.
Yini eshintshayo ngokubuyekezwa okusha kwesayensi
Eminyakeni eyisithupha ngemuva kombiko wokuqala (2019), ikhomishini ibuyekeza iziqondiso ngobufakazi obubanzi kakhulu futhi igcina ukugxila ekudleni okuphelele noma okucutshungulwe kancane , ikakhulukazi okuvela ezitshalweni, amafutha angagcwalisiwe, ushukela omncane owengeziwe kanye nosawoti olinganiselayo; ukudla kwamandla okubonisa kungama-kcal angu-2.373 ngosuku.
Le ndlela ivumelana nezimo futhi ivumela ukuhlukahluka kwamasiko; njengesifinyezo esisebenzayo, iphakamisa umthetho othi "owodwa kanye nowodwa" : ukuphakelwa okukodwa kwansuku zonke kobisi kanye noweprotheyini yezilwane, okukhawulela inyama ebomvu kube kanye ngesonto. Kunezinye izindlela zokudla zemifino, ze-vegan, kanye neze-pescatarian, zonke eziklanywe ngaphakathi kwemingcele efanayo yempilo kanye nokusimama.
Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa, le ndlela inganciphisa kakhulu ukwanda kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezihlobene nokudla , njengesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, izinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza, kanye nezimo zokuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Njengoba usihlalo-mkanye uWalter C. Willett esho, lo mbono awuphathelene nokuswela, kodwa umayelana nephethini elimnandi neliguquguqukayo, elikwazi ukuhlanganiswa namasiko ahlukene okupheka nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa isixhumanisi namasiko.
Ongakudla: iphethini ye-flexitarian kanye namanani alinganiselwe
I-DSP isungula iziqondiso ezilinganiselwe nezivumelana nezimo—kuye ngokuthi uneminyaka emingaki, umongo kanye namasiko—ezibeka phambili ukudla okusekelwe ezitshalweni kanye namafutha angagcwali , zinciphise ukudla okucutshungulwe kakhulu kanye noshukela owengeziwe.
- Imifino, izithelo, okusanhlamvu, amantongomane kanye okusanhlamvu okuphelele Nsuku zonke, amanani alinganiselwa ku-300 g wemifino, cishe ama-200 amagremu okusanhlamvu, ama-75 amagremu okusanhlamvu, kanye nama-50 g amantongomane.
- Imikhiqizo yobisi ngezingxenye ezilinganiselwe (isb., ingilazi yobisi, iyogathi, noma ingxenye kashizi ngosuku), enamafutha anempilo futhi igwema amafutha ayingxenye ye-hydrogenated.
- Amaprotheni ezilwane ezingxenyeni ezincane: izinhlanzi nezinkukhu ngamanani ancishisiwe, inyama ebomvu ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela (kanye ngeviki) namaqanda ngokulinganisela.
- Ushukela, usawoti, kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenzwe kakhulu kufanele igcinwe isezingeni eliphansi, ithande izindlela zokupheka ezilula kanye namalungiselelo okwenziwa ekhaya.
Lezi ziqondiso aziyona imenyu evaliwe; zivumela ukulungiswa kwendawo kanye nezintandokazi zomuntu siqu, kusukela kokukhethwa kwendabuko kuya ezinhlotsheni zemifino, ze-vegan noma ze-pescatarian , zihlonipha izithako namasiko esifunda ngasinye.
Isimo sezulu, imingcele yamaplanethi nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza
Izinhlelo zokudla zikhiqiza cishe ama-30% okukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa futhi, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezinkulu, zingacindezela ukufudumala komhlaba ngakunye ngaphezu kwama-1,5°C, ngisho noma kuqhubeka ukususwa kwegesi emkhathini.
Lo mbiko uxhumanisa ukudla nokweqa imingcele emihlanu kweyisishiyagalolunye yamaplanethi : ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukulahlekelwa kwezinto eziphilayo, ushintsho ekusetshenzisweni komhlaba, ukuguqulwa kwemijikelezo ye-nitrogen ne-phosphorus, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ahlanzekile.
Ukwamukela i-DSP, kuhlanganiswe nezinqubomgomo zesimo sezulu eziqinile, kuzovumela ukunciphisa okukhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba , kanye nokunciphisa ingcindezi ezindaweni ezibalulekile zemvelo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo.
Njengoba uJohan Rockström, usihlalo wekhomishini kanye nomqondisi wePotsdam Institute, efingqa, lokho okuphakelwa epuletini kuthonya ukuzinza kweplanethi futhi kudinga ukuguqulwa kwezinhlelo zokudla emhlabeni wonke.
Ukulingana, izinqubomgomo zomphakathi kanye nomnotho wezinguquko
Umthelela kanye nomthwalo wemfanelo kusatshalaliswa ngokungalingani: abacebile kakhulu abangama-30% bakhiqiza izingcindezi zemvelo ezingaphezu kwama-70% ezihlobene nokudla, kuyilapho abantu abangaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.700 bentula ukufinyelela ekudleni okunempilo futhi abangu-1% kuphela abahlala namuhla endaweni yokudla ephephile nefanele.
Ukuze kuxazululwe lesi simo, ikhomishini iphakamisa ukunciphisa imfucuza yokudla kanye nokuqhubekela emikhubeni yezolimo eqhubekayo, ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi nezakhamzimba; iphinde ikhuthaze izinguquko zentela ezisusa izibonelelo eziyingozi kanye nokufakwa kwamalebula okuqinile, ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni ehloselwe izingane.
Ubukhulu bezenhlalo bubalulekile: ezifundeni eziningi, ingxenye enkulu yalabo abasebenza ohlelweni lokudla bathola amaholo angaphansi kwesilinganiso esiphansi futhi babhekene nezimo ezibucayi; kunesidingo sokuphatha okubandakanya wonke umuntu obeka phambili inzuzo yomphakathi futhi ugweme ingcindezi engadingekile.
Ukuguqulwa kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali: kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuzodingeka phakathi kwamaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingama-200.000 namaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingama-500.000 ukuze kuqhutshwe izinguquko, kanti inzuzo yonyaka ingabalelwa kumaRandi ayizigidigidi ezi-5 kwezempilo, ukumelana nesimo sezulu kanye nokuvuselelwa kwesimiso semvelo.
Abalobi balindele ukumelana okufana nokwango-2019 futhi bakhumbula ukugxekwa okuhlanganisiwe okuvela emikhakheni efana nenyama nobisi; noma kunjalo, bagcizelela ukuthi iziphetho zabo zisekelwe ezifundweni eziningi ezizimele eziqinile kanye nokubuyekezwa.
Ukwamukelwa kabanzi kwalokhu kudla, kanye nezinqubomgomo ezinesibindi kanye nokwabelana ngezinzuzo nemithwalo ngendlela efanele, kuzothuthukisa impilo yezigidi zabantu futhi kunciphise ingcindezi emikhawulweni yeplanethi , okubonisa ukuthi ukudla okungcono nakho kuyithuluzi elinamandla lesenzo sezulu.
